转自:http://www.studyofnet.com/news/253.html
class Program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
int i = 10;
//声明Xml序列化对象实例serializer
XmlSerializer serializer = new XmlSerializer(typeof(int));
//执行序列化并将序列化结果输出到控制台
serializer.Serialize(Console.Out, i);
Console.Read();
}
}
上面代码对int i进行了序列化,并将序列化的结果输出到了控制台,输出结果如下
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="gb2312"?>
<int>10</int>
将上述序列化的xml进行反序列化,如下代码
static void Main(string[] args)
{
using (StringReader rdr = new StringReader(@"<?xml version=""1.0"" encoding=""gb2312""?>
<int>10</int>"))
{
//声明序列化对象实例serializer
XmlSerializer serializer = new XmlSerializer(typeof(int));
//反序列化,并将反序列化结果值赋给变量i
int i = (int)serializer.Deserialize(rdr);
//输出反序列化结果
Console.WriteLine("i = " + i);
Console.Read();
}
}
以上代码用最简单的方式说明了xml序列化和反序列化的过程,.Net系统类库为我们做了大量的工作,序列化和反序列化都非常简单。但是在现实中业务需求往往比较复杂,不可能只简单的序列化一个int变量,显示中我们需要对复杂类型进行可控制的序列化。
System.Xml.Serialization类为我们提供了自己对象串行化(Serialize)和反串行化(Deserialize)的xml的方法,该类可以序列化的内容:
公共类的公共读写字段或者属性
XmlElement对象
XmlNode对象
Dataset对象
实现了Icollection 或IEnumerable的类
下面介绍 XML序列化和反序列化 封装类
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.IO;
using System.Data;
using System.Xml;
using System.Xml.Serialization;
/// <summary>
/// Xml序列化与反序列化
/// </summary>
public class XmlUtil
{
#region 反序列化
/// <summary>
/// 反序列化
/// </summary>
/// <param name="type">类型</param>
/// <param name="xml">XML字符串</param>
/// <returns></returns>
public static object Deserialize(Type type, string xml)
{
try
{
using (StringReader sr = new StringReader(xml))
{
XmlSerializer xmldes = new XmlSerializer(type);
return xmldes.Deserialize(sr);
}
}
catch (Exception e)
{
return null;
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 反序列化
/// </summary>
/// <param name="type"></param>
/// <param name="xml"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
public static object Deserialize(Type type, Stream stream)
{
XmlSerializer xmldes = new XmlSerializer(type);
return xmldes.Deserialize(stream);
}
#endregion
#region 序列化
/// <summary>
/// 序列化
/// </summary>
/// <param name="type">类型</param>
/// <param name="obj">对象</param>
/// <returns></returns>
public static string Serializer(Type type, object obj)
{
MemoryStream Stream = new MemoryStream();
XmlSerializer xml = new XmlSerializer(type);
try
{
//序列化对象
xml.Serialize(Stream, obj);
}
catch (InvalidOperationException)
{
throw;
}
Stream.Position = 0;
StreamReader sr = new StreamReader(Stream);
string str = sr.ReadToEnd();
sr.Dispose();
Stream.Dispose();
return str;
}
#endregion
}
该封装类的测试代码
1. 实体对象转换到Xml
public class Student
{
public string Name { set; get; }
public int Age { set; get; }
}
Student stu1 = new Student() { Name = "okbase", Age = 10 };
string xml = XmlUtil.Serializer(typeof(Student), stu1);
Console.Write(xml);
2. Xml转换到实体对象
Student stu2 = XmlUtil.Deserialize(typeof(Student), xml) as Student;
Console.Write(string.Format("名字:{0},年龄:{1}", stu2.Name, stu2.Age));
3、DataTable转换到Xml
// 生成DataTable对象用于测试
DataTable dt1 = new DataTable("mytable"); // 必须指明DataTable名称
dt1.Columns.Add("Dosage", typeof(int));
dt1.Columns.Add("Drug", typeof(string));
dt1.Columns.Add("Patient", typeof(string));
dt1.Columns.Add("Date", typeof(DateTime));
// 添加行
dt1.Rows.Add(25, "Indocin", "David", DateTime.Now);
dt1.Rows.Add(50, "Enebrel", "Sam", DateTime.Now);
dt1.Rows.Add(10, "Hydralazine", "Christoff", DateTime.Now);
dt1.Rows.Add(21, "Combivent", "Janet", DateTime.Now);
dt1.Rows.Add(100, "Dilantin", "Melanie", DateTime.Now);
// 序列化
xml = XmlUtil.Serializer(typeof(DataTable), dt1);
Console.Write(xml);
4. Xml转换到DataTable
// 反序列化
DataTable dt2 = XmlUtil.Deserialize(typeof(DataTable), xml) as DataTable;
// 输出测试结果
foreach (DataRow dr in dt2.Rows)
{
foreach (DataColumn col in dt2.Columns)
{
Console.Write(dr[col].ToString() + " ");
}
Console.Write("\\r\\n");
}
5. List转换到Xml
// 生成List对象用于测试
List<Student> list1 = new List<Student>(3);
list1.Add(new Student() { Name = "okbase", Age = 10 });
list1.Add(new Student() { Name = "csdn", Age = 15 });
// 序列化
xml = XmlUtil.Serializer(typeof(List<Student>), list1);
Console.Write(xml);
6. Xml转换到List
List<Student> list2 = XmlUtil.Deserialize(typeof(List<Student>), xml) as List<Student>;
foreach (Student stu in list2)
{
Console.WriteLine(stu.Name + "," + stu.Age.ToString());
}