转自:http://www.cnblogs.com/Random/archive/2013/03/29/2989789.html

最近代码中有个功能需要用到手动触发键盘事件的功能,咱们的现有库对fireEvent的实现还比较单一,对键盘事件没有作支持,就自己封了一个。但键盘事件的fire在各浏览器下实现不一样,下面分别说明一下:

1. IE下没什么问题,创建事件对象、对对象的keyCode属性赋值,然后再抛出来就行了:

evtObj = document.createEventObject();
evtObj.keyCode=keyCode
el.fireEvent('on'+evtType, evtObj);

 

2. Firefox 需要通过document.createEvent创建KeyEvents对象,再通过initKeyEvent方法对事件对象初始化

evtObj = document.createEvent('KeyEvents');
evtObj.initKeyEvent( evtType, true, true, window, false, false, false, false, keyCode, 0 );

  

 3. Chrome/Safari/Opera

通过document.createEvent创建UIEvents对象,初始化后再在该对象上挂载按键值,Chrome和Opera可以先将keyCode属性delete掉后,再用Object.defineProperty方法重新为它赋值:

delete evtObj.keyCode;<br>Object.defineProperty(evtObj,"keyCode",{value:keyCode});

但是这里需要注意一点:Safari无法对对象的keyCode属性进行操作,强制覆盖里还会报错,解决方法是将键keyCode转为字符后挂在事件对象的key属性上:

evtObj.key=String.fromCharCode(keyCode);

通过这种方式绕开safari的坑后,在事件触发时的回调中再对keyCode进行一次适配即可:

var keyCode=evt.keyCode || evt.key.charCodeAt(0);

 

最后,封装好的function大概就是这样: 

function fireKeyEvent(el, evtType, keyCode){
  var evtObj;
                 
  if(document.createEvent){
    if( window.KeyEvent ) {
      evtObj = document.createEvent('KeyEvents');
      evtObj.initKeyEvent( evtType, true, true, window, false, false, false, false, keyCode, 0 );
    } else {
      evtObj = document.createEvent('UIEvents');
      evtObj.initUIEvent( evtType, true, true, window, 1 );
      delete evtObj.keyCode;
                        
      if(typeof evtObj.keyCode === "undefined"){
        Object.defineProperty(evtObj,"keyCode",{value:keyCode});
      }else{
        evtObj.key=String.fromCharCode(keyCode);
      }
    }
    el.dispatchEvent(evtObj);
                     
  }else if(document.createEventObject){
    evtObj = document.createEventObject();
    evtObj.keyCode=keyCode;
    el.fireEvent('on'+evtType, evtObj);
  }
}

完整事例:

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
    <head>
      <meta charset="utf-8" />
      <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge,chrome=1" />
      <title>fireKeyEvent</title>
    </head>
    
    <body>
        <input type="text" id="txt1"/>
        <input type="button" id="btn1" value="fire"/>
        
        <script type="text/javascript">
            function $(id){
                return document.getElementById(id);
            }
            
            function addEvent(el, type, fn){
                if(document.addEventListener){
                    el.addEventListener(type, fn, true);
                }else if(document.attachEvent){
                    el.attachEvent("on"+type, fn);
                }else{
                    el["on"+type] = fn;
                }
            }
            
            
            function fireKeyEvent(el, evtType, keyCode){
                var evtObj;
                
                if(document.createEvent){
                    if( window.KeyEvent ) {
                        evtObj = document.createEvent('KeyEvents');
                        evtObj.initKeyEvent( evtType, true, true, window, false, false, false, false, keyCode, 0 );
                    } else {
                        evtObj = document.createEvent('UIEvents');
                        evtObj.initUIEvent( evtType, true, true, window, 1 );
                        delete evtObj.keyCode;
                       
                        if(typeof evtObj.keyCode === "undefined"){
                            Object.defineProperty(evtObj,"keyCode",{value:keyCode});
                        }else{
                            evtObj.key=String.fromCharCode(keyCode);
                        }
                    }

                    el.dispatchEvent(evtObj);
                    
                }else if(document.createEventObject){
                    evtObj = document.createEventObject();
                    evtObj.keyCode=keyCode
                    el.fireEvent('on'+evtType, evtObj);
               }
            }
            
            addEvent($("txt1"), "keydown" ,function(e){
                var evt=window.event || e;
                var keyCode=evt.keyCode || evt.key.charCodeAt(0);
                alert("keyCode:"+keyCode);
            })
            
            
            addEvent($("btn1"), "click", function(){
                fireKeyEvent($("txt1"), "keydown", 27);
            });
            
        </script>
    </body>
</html>




本文转载:CSDN博客